Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Cultivation Measures on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Super Rice

  • Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-20

栽培措施对超级稻产量及氮肥利用效率的影响

  1. 1江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/扬州大学农学院,江苏 扬州 225009;2江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/扬州大学,江苏 扬州 225009
  • 通讯作者: 顾骏飞
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200107;2017YFD0301206);国家自然科学基金(31872853;31671614);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20181455);江苏高校优势学科建设工程;扬州大学高端人才支持计划资助项目

Abstract:

Rice is an important food crops in China. Under the background of growing population and economics, the demand for grain is continuously increasing, while the increase of grain yield requires greater input of fertilizer and water and better cultivation measures. Under the condition of large amount of fertilizer and water input in China, it is of great significance to optimize cultivation measures for increasing yield and fertilizer use efficiency of rice. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of cultivation measures (zero N application, local farmer’s practice, increase in plant density and decrease in N rate, precise irrigation) on yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency of rice, using hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 and conventional japonica rice Wuyungeng 24 as materials. The results showed that the cultivation measures such as increase in plant density and decrease in N rate, precise irrigation could significantly improve effective leaf area index (LAI), efficient LAI, seed/leaf ratio, sink capacity and activities of enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, and then improve grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

Key words: rice, cultivation measure, yield, nitrogen use efficiency

摘要:

水稻是我国重要的粮食作物。在人口增长和经济快速发展的大背景下,对粮食的需求量不断提高,产量的提高要求更大的肥水投入和更优化的栽培措施。在我国肥水投入量已经很大的情况下,优化栽培措施对水稻的增产增效意义重大。以籼粳杂交稻甬优2640与常规粳稻武运粳24为试验材料,采取4种不同的栽培措施(氮空白、当地常规、增密减氮、精确灌溉),探讨了不同栽培措施对水稻产量及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,增密减氮、精确灌溉等栽培措施可以显著提高有效叶面积指数(LAI)、高效LAI,提高粒叶比,增加库容,提高氮素相关代谢酶活性,从而提高水稻产量和氮肥利用效率。

关键词: 水稻, 栽培措施, 产量, 氮肥利用效率

CLC Number: